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LPD-17 C4I WORKSHOP REPORT June 1996

Prepared by: Dahlgren, Virginia 22448-5000

Table of Contents

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

II. INTRODUCTION

III. CONFERENCE BRIEFS

IV. ISSUES

V. ADDITIONAL WORKSHOP COMMENTS

APPENDIX A: LPD 17 ROC/POE ISSUES

APPENDIX B: WORKSHOP "QUICK LOOK" MESSAGE

APPENDIX C. ACRONYMS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

From 30 April to1 May 1996, the Commander, Amphibious Group Three (COMPHIBGRU THREE) (San Diego, CA) hosted the first LPD 17 workshop on Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Information (C4I). This workshop is one in a series that PMS 317, the LPD 17 Program Office, has instituted as part of its "Design for Ownership" philosophy: a concurrent engineering approach that injects Warrior (operator, maintainer, and trainer) input into the design development process. As a result, in addition to the TEAM 17 design site in Crystal City, VA, LPD 17 War Rooms have been established at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division (NSWCDD), Dahlgren, VA and at the Expeditionary Warfare Training Group, Atlantic (EWTGLANT), Naval Amphibious Base (NAB) Little Creek, VA. The systems engineering environment at Dahlgren (the engineering inlet) and the Warrior inlet at Little Creek will combine to produce an effective concurrent engineering process that results in an LPD 17 design that strives to meet the needs of the operators, maintainers, and trainers. In addition to early operational assessments by OPTEVFOR each year, these workshops provide a vital, collaborative means of involving the Warrior in this concurrent engineering process. From earlier workshops at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA (Sept 95) and at EWTGLANT (Jan 96), C4I was identified as an important area requiring additional Warrior and engineering input.

This workshop gathered together experts in the field of Littoral Battlefield execution and C4I systems. The intent was to discuss LPD 17 C4I operational requirements, systems plans, and their relationship to both current and future Amphibious Ready Group (ARG)/Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) and integrated Battle Group (BG) operations. The workshop validated many aspects of the LPD 17 design, identified areas for future workshops, and suggested some near term space/room layout recommendations. Since the field of C4I is so broad, two days were not enough time to detail every aspect of this topic; so boundaries were negotiated to focus the discussions.

Due to limitations of space not all acronyms have been defined in the mainbody of the text. However, a comprehensive list ot acronyms and abbreviations is given in Appendix C.

Specific workshop recommendations that can be applied to the LPD 17 are as follows:

  1. LPD 17 must be capable of acting as a alternative command ship and have systems at the ready to support such missions when called upon.

  2. LPD 17 Intelligence and SSES/equipment need to be connected into the same suite of equipment that one would find on the LHA/LHD. LPD 17 or LHA/LHD will be used as the Satellite Communication (SATCOM) input point back to the Continental US (CONUS).

  3. LPD 17 acting as an Advance Force ship will need to support some limited SACC functionality with accompanied surface combatants and forces ashore (SEALs, Recon Teams, Raiders, etc.)

  4. LPD 17 needs to support the ARG Digital Wideband Transmission System (DWTS) implementation of a "GATOR" Hub/Node concept.

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II. INTRODUCTION

LPD 17 C4I Conference/Workshop attendees received program and operational briefs from the following:

The symposium was conducted in three phases:

PHASE ONE: This consisted of an information exchange among the Pacific Fleet Amphibious Team on the specific mission and CONOPS team of the ARG/MEU for both current and future operations. The product of Phase One was a notional operational architecture consisting of a set of naval amphibious missions, respective CONOPS, and tactical information needs that reflect the warfighting requirements of the fleet commander.

PHASE TWO: This provided insight into current LPD 17 C4I-planned architecture and required operational capability. The product of Phase Two was to provide an overview of current LPD-17 C4I operational requirements and systems plans, including communications, sensors, intelligence and cryptographic, and Command and Control (C2) systems.

PHASE THREE: This provided some analysis and relative ranking of planned C4I systems based on operational assumptions from the Pacific Fleet Amphibious Team point of view. As part of Phase Three, the relevant C4I sections of the LPD 17 ROC/POE were reviewed with comments provided to the system commands and OPNAV sponsors. The product of Phase Three took the results of Phases One and Two, specifically the notional operational architectures and LPD 17 C4I baseline, and conducted a gap analysis of capabilities versus assumed CONOPS/information requirements.

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III. CONFERENCE BRIEFS

  1. RADM Robinson, PEO CLA:

    The Naval Expeditionary Warfare IPT is finally becoming a reality. The IPT is bringing nine major stakeholders together to handle warfighter requirements on doctrine and engineering. The RFP for the LPD 17 is on the street and comments are coming in. The Navy hopes to award the ship by August 1996. After the next Presidential election, whoever wins, there will be another Bottom-Up Review (BUR). The two (2) Major Regional Contingencies (MRCs) maybe renegotiated down to one (1) or one and a half. This only heightens the demand for a flexible, adaptive Warrior-friendly LPD 17.

  2. MAJ J.D. Wilson, HQMC CSBT - USMC C4I CONFERENCE:

    The USMC C4I Conference/Workshop was held at MCCDC, Quantico, VA in March with over 160 attending. The conference identified the top level naval C4I issues and amphibious missions. There was a reduction in duplication of many requirements by this conference. A document is in the final stages of production and will be forthcoming soon. The LPD 17 requirements were detailed in the following list:

    The Commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC) and the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) have not come together on COPERNICUS FORWARD. The CMC does not agree with the OPNAV N6 concept. A working team has been assembled to negotiate the issues. Several Amphibious Master Plans are in the works within OPNAV, and a draft version will soon be going out to several commands for comment/review.

  3. RADM Saffell, COMPHIBGRU THREE - C4ISR FOR THE PACIFIC LITTORAL WARRIOR:

    The challenge for C4I in the Pacific Littoral Warrior is 97% forward projection and contingency and only 2% actual warfare (1% undefined). The amphibious forces are seen as the "911" responders. With expanding threats, the Integrated Battle Organization (IBO) will require increased "morphing" into a joint working force. Force levels are extremely dynamic, where revenues are down 41% and deployments (expenses) are up 31%. Operating days at sea are coming down again (from 27 days to 25 days on average per quarter per ship - impacts readiness). Based on this financial reality, joint efforts will be needed to renegotiate the two MRC scenarios. KSQ-1 needs to be integrated within JMCIS, but there is no fleet requirement to do this. CNSP has agreed to fix this hole in the system requirements definition (error came out of last weeks JRWG). The Fleet wants to delete requirements for big ships to go through the Panama Canal. (MGEN Jones, OPNAV N85 has just signed this out.) ARG underway planning within the Fleet today requires at a minimum two helicopters per day just to move information/personnel between ships. LPD class ships are used extensively as advance force ships today (30nm off beach). The Special Boat companies are on the LPDs and move mostly at night. The USS BOXER ARG will deploy next year with a DDG (USS CHANDLER) in company. Very Shallow Water (VSW) (40 ft water mark to the beach) ) MIW stood up recently at NAB, Coronado, CA. A new unit will consist of SEALs, EDOs, and a Marine Reconnaissance Team.

  4. COMMODORE(CAPT) Marshall, COMPHIBRON FIVE - ARG REQUIREMENTS:

    The ARG assumptions are as follows:

  5. LtCOL Blankenhorn, I MEF G3 - USMC REQUIREMENTS:

    From an MEF-level perspective, a greater effort needs to be made to keep all Marine forces involved in this design-for-ownership process. A vacuum of information tends to develop on the West Coast.

  6. LCDR Binney, PMS 317 - CURRENT LPD-17 ROC/POE(PMS 317)

    C4I Issues:

  7. LT Gensure & Mr. Doug Jackson, SPAWAR PD05 - LPD-17 CURRENT C4I ARCHITECTURE

    A new Amphibious Master Plan is being worked by OPNAV N6/SPAWAR/HQMC. SPAWAR is taking a turnkey approach to the C4I suite on the LPD 17, to get the latest/most modern equipment. They will start buying systems in 1998. SPAWAR has many questions and concerns and they desire Warrior input. The following issues were brought up:

    JMCOMS and Single Channel Radios. They are not sure how many SINCGARS to buy/install. What are the Navy and Marine Corps communication requirements (dedicated networks vs. virtual networks)? They need to accommodate several different detachments-- Flag Staff, UAV, MIW, SPECOPS, etc.--and what are their unique communication requirements?

    Will they be required to conduct training with the Marines while they are down in the Well Deck or storage areas? The Marines have mentioned the need to conduct radio checks during EMCOM which is usually enforced just prior to movement ashore (may need dummy loads for individual radios).

    The Marines will need to interface with legacy systems (i.e., may not be on the SWAN). They may have to accommodate non-Navy equipment in racks within Radio Central or other C4I spaces (Allied equipment or Coalition Forces - as we are experiencing in Bosnia). Currently, NAVSEA has all of SPAWAR's equipment on non-vital power whereas the combat systems are all on vital power. Vital power connections are all based on mission critical systems. Maybe we need to go back and reexamine these designations and determine what systems are really vital? Aren't radios/circuits and intel systems considered vital? Empty equipment rack space needs to built in for future growth (Navy, Marine, other systems).

    SPAWAR is having difficulty coming to closure with the Marines on required communication circuits. How many do the Marines need and how many need to be operating simultaneously? (impacts the number of antennas on the ship, LPD 17 already has 129 antennas). Right now they cannot put up all of the circuits required, so which ones need to be taken down to bring up others. What are the priorities/requirements? SPAWAR sent over to OPNAV a draft list of required radios for the LPD 17. Is this the right number; they need a Marine Corps final scrub. The Marines will start placing orders for equipment in 1998, so a correct figure is needed soon.

    Which SINCGARS circuits will be frequency hoppers and which ones will be single frequency? Each SINCGARS that frequency hops requires its own antenna. (The Navy tends to link two or three SINCGARS to a common antenna to save space.) The Fleet today cannot frequency hop, so how will that impact the land battle operations?

    SPAWAR has a two-part question for Marine Corps with regards to communications:

    The Marine Corps uses portable SATCOM systems on the beach. These systems need to be factored into the SPAWAR communications architecture. Will the portable SATCOM systems be part of the "GATOR HUB"?

    The operators need to get together and determine what information is needed and what equipment needs to go to whom? The N/G-6s will not make the determination but the N/G 2s,3s, and 4s will. Once they come to a consensus, the N/G 6s will figure out the communication paths/how data gets from one spot to another. (RADM Saffell statement)

    The Fleet must determine the echelons of command and who is on what ship. (RADM Saffell statement)

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IV. ISSUES

The following issues were brought up and discussed during the workshop.

  1. UAV Operations. A UAV will operate off the LPD 17 by the time it enters the Fleet in the FY 2002-04 time frame. There will be some sort of UAV detachment that will deploy with the ship. LPD 17 will require an uplink and downlink to UAV (either organic or inorganic to ARG). LPD 17 will require UAV video/data dissemination with ARG and shore-based units. UAV operations will be a requirement to conduct Advance Force operations. UAVs will be used for mine detection/mine avoidance. (submitted by CAPT Marshall, CPR 5)

  2. JIC and SSES Space/Organic Functions. SSES/SI data does not need to pass outside of the GATOR Hub. There may be a requirement to pass raw SSES data back to NCI/CONUS. (submitted by CAPT Marshall, CPR 5)

  3. Combat DF Capability. LPD 17 will be required to have a Combat DF capability on the ship. ARG needs more than one ship to have a Combat DF capability for triangulation. (submitted by CAPT Marshall, CPR 5)

  4. AN/KSQ-1 Integration into JMCIS. This would require using JMCIS software (V)2.2 or later. KSQ-1 was used by the Special Boat Groups for low visibility, night time operations for location/tracking. (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

  5. Independent Operations. The LPD 17 must be able to conduct independent operations. Future operations will require expanded communications and C2 than what LPD class ships have today. The LPD 17 must be able to survive a cheap shot/kill, hence be able to defend itself. It may also be required to conduct Split ARG operations with SPMAGTF. (submitted by CAPT Marshall, CPR 5)

  6. Advance Force Operations. The LPD 17 maybe the closest ship to the beach because of its ability to survive (vice the other ARG ships), hence would be used as the Advance Force ship. The LPD 17 will need to handle Special Forces and associated equipment; what must come off to take these forces aboard? (submitted by CAPT Williams, Commander Third Fleet, N6)

  7. Flag Configured - Flag Configured vs. Flag Capable. Any Flag can come aboard for short periods of time. This creates C2, communications, and space issues. (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

  8. Alternative Flag Ship. The LPD 17 may have to act as an alternative Flagship in the ARG. What is the impact to C2 and communication spaces/equipment? (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

  9. Precision approach for Aircraft. The LPD 17 will need a precision approach system for aircraft. The ship will enter the Fleet with 1950's technology with regards to aircraft landing/approach systems. This ship should be equipped with low visibility and nightime operation systems (SPN- control/approach radar). (submitted by LtCOL Blankenhorn, I MEF G-7)

  10. LPD 17 C2 Space Functional Analysis. Need to conduct a TROOP OPS/LFOC, TACLOG, TACC, SACC space functionality analysis. Who needs what data when and where? What format should the data be in? Who sits where and what is in front of him/her to look at or use? (submitted by LCDR Matters, CPG 3)

  11. LPD 17 TROOP OPS and LOGISTICS Center. TROOP OPS and LOGISTICS Center space needs to be split up into two separate spaces since their function/operations are different. (submitted by LtCOL Blankenhorn, I MEF G-7)

  12. SPS-48E Consoles. The SPS-48E is directly tied to the Advanced Combat Direction System (ACDS) but has old antiquated consoles (1970's technology). Can't the System Commands come up with something better, more useful, and maintenance supported? (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

  13. PLI. PLI data needs to be fused and correlated. PLI data needs to be integrated into the Combat System to help build a Common Tactical Picture. KSQ-1/PLRS is only the first of these new systems coming down the pike, and we need to get our hands around them instead of finding out about them during their installation. (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

  14. SI Data. SI Data will stay within the GATOR Hub. LHA/LHD will act as the GATOR Hub with other amphibious ships as part of the HUB (DWTS). Will eventually need a Hub on the beach to support expanding Marine operations ashore. (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

  15. Common Tactical Picture. ARG needs the ground picture and may need the Allied Picture/Combined Forces picture. KSQ-1 is a start into the ground picture. Will need to bring in Army and Air Force data and fuse/correlate for integrated common tactical picture across the board or at least within the ARG. (submitted by RADM Saffell, CPG 3)

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V. ADDITIONAL WORKSHOP COMMENTS

  1. Once you split an ARG/MEU, it is no longer a MEU from the USMC point of view. Maybe its no longer an ARG either.

  2. Split ARG = two simultaneous limited missions for a limited period of time.

  3. How independent do we want the ships to be?

  4. XPLOT - where real-time and non-real-time data come together for Tactical SA. (SACC - L, LFOC -L, JIC/SSES - L, Communications Redundancy - F)

  5. Future ships will require functionality already be installed but in a sleep mode/suspended animation until needed.

  6. Aviation Maintenance - NALCOMIS (USMC Aviation spare parts ordering). Will the LPD 17 have? [Pack Up Kits (PUKs)]

  7. SOF will use EHF. Also ARG to CVBG communications path.

  8. INMARSAT is used with SALTS. Commercial communication systems cannot be used for tactical purpose. (OOTW and Sailor Phone - OK).

  9. Joint Computer Program Management System (JCPMS)- SYSCOM will be used in the future for management and planning?

  10. Combat System needs PLI data as fast as it can get it. (Primary Function, SA - Secondary Function). Joint problem with PLI. Bigger issue in correlation of different PLI data.

  11. Mine Warfare - Very Shallow Mine Detection Capability (VSW), is a requirement now.

  12. Need Mine Environment Decision Analysis Library (MEDAL) function within JMCIS.

  13. Need a common Naval Architecture. Open architecture/flexible.

  14. Where is a Navy SEA DRAGON? The Marine Corps have one now!

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APPENDIX A: LPD 17 ROC/POE ISSUES

a. Overall comments on the ROC/POE for inclusion are from CPG THREE and THIRD FLEET Representatives:

b. ROC/POE specific:

c. Additional Comments:

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APPENDIX B: WORKSHOP "QUICK LOOK" MESSAGE

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RHODAAA T USS ANCHORAGE
RHODABA T USS DENVER
RHPADXW T USS RUSHMORE
RHPALHA T COMPHIBRON THREE/USS TARAWA
RHPAVJU T USS DULUTH
RHWZMDD T USS FORT FISHER
RUHPEXU T USS CORONADO
RUHPPEL T COMPHIBRON ONE/USS PELELIU
R 021634Z MAY 96 ZYB
FM COMPHIBGRU THREE//00/N4/N44/N441//
TO RUENAAA/CNO WASHINGTON DC//N6/N61/N62/N63/N85/N86//
INFO RUEACMC/CMC WASHINGTON DC//C4I/CSBT//
RUWICBE/CG I MEF//01/G2/G3/G6/G7//
RUCKMEA/CG II MEF//01/G2/G3/G6/G7//
RUHBABA/CG III MEF//01/G2/G3/G6/G7//
RHHMHAH/CINCPACFLT PEARL HARBOR HI//N6//
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RUWDEAA/COMNAVSURFPAC SAN DIEGO CA//N2/N3/N4/N432/N6/N621//
RUHBVMA/COMPHIBGRU ONE
RULYVKA/RULYJPX/COMPHIBGRU TWO
RULSSPA/COMSPAWARSYSCOM WASHINGTON DC//05F2/PMW176/PD70//
RUHPQUA/COMTHIRDFLT//00M/N6//
RUCBFAG/EWTGLANT NORFOLK VA//00//
RUWFAFI/EWTGPAC SAN DIEGO CA//00//
RUEACMC/MARCORSYSCOM WASHINGTON DC//C4I/C4IDPR//
RUWICCI/MCTSSA CAMP PENDLETON CA//00/FMFSD//
RULSACW/NAVSURFWARCENDIV DAHLGREN VA//F30/F31/F10//
RUWICBA/ELEVENTH MEU
RHPALHA/THIRTEENTH MEU
RUHPPEL/FIFTEENTH MEU
RULSSBI/PEO CLA WASHINGTON DC//00/PMS317/PMS400B//
PHIBGRU THREE AFLOAT
RUWFOAA/NCCOSC RDTE DIV SAN DIEGO CA//00/611/60F//
RUCBCLF/CINCLANTFLT NORFOLK VA//N6//
BT
UNCLAS //N03120//
MSGID/GENADMIN/CPG-3//
SUBJ/LPD-17 C4I SYMPOSIUM RESULTS//
REF/A/MSG/CPG-3/112000ZAPR96//
AMPN/MSG ANNOUNCING CPG-3 HOSTED LPD-17 C4I SYMPOSIUM//
POC/B.H. MATHERS/LCDR/CPG-3 N44/TEL: (619) 556-3585/TEL:DSN:526-3585.//
RMKS/1. THIS IS A CG I MEF/COMPHIBGRU THREE COORDINATED MESSAGE.

2. COMPHIBGRU THREE HOSTED AN LPD-17 C4I SYMPOSIUM 30 APRIL-01 MAY 1996. THE INTENT OF THE SYMPOSIUM WAS TO GATHER EXPERTS IN THE FIELDS OF LITTORAL BATTLEFIELD EXECUTION AND C4I SYSTEMS IN ORDER TO DISCUSS LPD-17 C4I OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS, SYSTEMS PLANS, AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO BOTH CURRENT AND FUTURE ARG/MEU AND INTEGRATED BG OPERATIONS. SYMPOSIUM ATTENDEES RECEIVED OPERATIONAL BRIEFS FROM CPG-3, CPR-5, CG I MEF (G3), WHICH FOCUSED ON ARG/MEU MISSIONS AND CONOPS FROM WHICH C4I REQUIREMENTS WERE DERIVED. ADDITIONAL BRIEFS WERE PROVIDED ON THE CURRENT LPD-17 ROC/POE(PMS 317) AND LPD-17 CURRENT C4I ARCHITECTURE (SPAWAR). THE SYMPOSIUM WAS CONDUCTED IN THREE PHASES: PHASE ONE CONSISTED OF THE INFORMATION EXCHANGE AMONG THE PACIFIC FLEET AMPHIBIOUS TEAM ON THE SPECIFIC MISSIONS AND CONOPS OF THE ARG/MEU FOR BOTH CURRENT AND FUTURE OPERATIONS. PHASE TWO PROVIDED INSIGHTS INTO CURRENT LPD-17 C4I PLANNED ARCHITECTURE AND REQUIRED OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY. PHASE THREE THEN PROVIDED SOME ANALYSIS AND RELATIVE RANKING OF PLANNED C4I SYSTEMS BASED ON OPERATIONAL ASSUMPTIONS FROM THE PACIFIC AMPHIBIOUS FLEET POINT OF VIEW. AS PART OF PHASE III, THE RELEVANT C4I SECTIONS OF THE LPD-17 ROC/POE WERE REVIEWED WITH COMMENTS PROVIDED TO THE SYSTEMS COMMANDS AND PROGRAM SPONSORS. A DETAILED REVIEW WILL BE PROVIDED SEPCOR.

3. THE FOLLOWING ARE KEY PACIFIC AMPHIBIOUS TEAM OPERATIONAL ASSUMPTIONS UPON WHICH A FUNCTIONAL/SYSTEMS ASSESSMENT WAS CONDUCTED. THIS REPRESENTS A QUICK LOOK AT THE RESULTS OF PHASE ONE:
- THE PRIMARY OPERATIONS OF THE ARG/MEU(SOC) TEAM ARE FOCUSED INTO THREE AREAS: PEACETIME FORWARD PRESENCE, CONTINGENCY RESPONSE AND LARGER FORCE ENABLER.
- ARG/MEU(SOC) TEAM SHOULD HAVE CRUDES SUPPORT DURING CRISIS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS/RESPONSES.
- LHA/LHD SHOULD SERVE AS THE "GATOR" COMMUNICATION/ INFORMATION HUB. DEFINING "GATOR" HUB IS CRUCIAL. THE LHA/LHD SHOULD BE THE CONDUIT FOR THE FLOW OF INFORMATION AND SHOULD POSSESS THE MAJORITY OF THE ARG/MEU CONNECTIVITY/REACHBACK WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD. IT SHOULD TYPICALLY HANDLE THE FULL SHF AGGREGATE FOR THE ARG AND WHEN APPLICABLE FUSE THEN DIRECT INFORMATION THROUGH THE APPROPRIATE SYSTEMS TO ARG SUBSCRIBERS. IF NECESSARY DURING INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS, THE SHF AGGREGATE SHOULD BE APPROPRIATELY APPORTIONED BETWEEN THE LHA/LHD AND LPD-17 IN ORDER TO PROVIDE AN UMBILICAL COMMUNICATION CONNECTIVITY TO THE "GATOR" HUB WITHOUT EXCEEDING ASSIGNED BANDWIDTH FOR THE ARG.
- ARG COMPONENTS SHOULD ALWAYS REMAIN ON STATION IN DIRECT SUPPORT OF THE MEU(SOC).
- LPD-17 SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF CONDUCTING INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS, INCLUDING SPECIAL PURPOSE MARINE AIR GROUND TASK FORCE (SPMAGTF) CONDUCTING UP TO TWO SIMULTANEOUS, LIMITED MISSIONS; ADVANCE FORCE OPERATIONS; MARITIME PEACETIME OPERATIONS TO INCLUDE OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR (OOTW) AND AS ALTERNATIVE COMMAND PLATFORM FROM WHICH THE MEU COMMANDER COULD FIGHT FOR A LIMITED TIME SHOULD THE SITUATION REQUIRE SUCH TRANSFER OF FUNCTION.
- LPD-17 MUST SUPPORT SIMULTANEOUS FLIGHT AND WELL DECK OPERATIONS.
- LPD-17 MUST MAINTAIN A SUBSET OF LHD/LHA C4I FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITIES FOR REDUNDANCY AND FOR LIMITED INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS. THIS ASSUMPTION MEANS INCLUDING A SMALL "GATOR" HUB CAPABILITY KEPT IN STAND-BY AND ACTIVATED IN THE EVENT OF INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS OR AT THE DISCRETION OF THE CATF. MANNING SHOULD BE PROVIDED VIA AUGMENTATION FROM THE ARG IN THE EVENT OF ACTIVATION.
- LPD-17 MISSION CAPABILITY MUST BE EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN THAT OF LPD 7 CLASS SHIPS.
- LPD-17 MUST POSSESS A LIMITED SCI CAPABILITY.
- LPD-17 MUST POSSESS A DEDICATED INTEL SPACE THAT IS PRIMARILY MANNED DURING INDEPENDENT/CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS.
- LPD-17 MUST BE INDEPENDENTLY SURVIVABLE IN A LIMITED THREAT ENVIRONMENT WITH AN AUTOMATED SHIP'S SELF DEFENSE SYSTEM.
- LPD-17 MUST POSSESS A C4I DESIGN THAT FACILITATES "PLUG AND PLAY" FOR THE EMBARKED FORCES.

4. BASED ON THE OPERATIONAL ASSUMPTIONS PRESENTED PARA 3, THE WORKING GROUP THEN ANALYZED THE COMMUNICATIONS, C2 DECISION AIDS AND SENSORS PLANNED FOR LPD-17. A CONSENSUS PROCESS WAS DERIVED IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE NAVY/MARINE CORPS INPUTS INTO THE SYSTEMS. THE FOLLOWING REPRESENT THE WORKING GROUP RECOMMENDATIONS AS FAR AS LPD-17 C4I SYSTEMS.

4A. COMMUNICATIONS:
--HF CAPABILITY IS REQUIRED.
--VHF AND UHF LINE OF SIGHT (LOS) CAPABILITIES THAT ARE SECURE AND FREQUENCY AGILE ARE REQUIRED.
--UHF AND SHF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS CAPABILITIES SHOULD BE INCLUDED LARGELY IN ORDER TO SUPPORT INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND REDUNDANCY FOR ARG OPERATIONS. THE SHF ARCHITECTURE SHOULD SUPPORT THE SHIPBOARD JMCONS ARCHITECTURE. EHF WAS PRESENTED AS A REQUIREMENT FOR THE NAVY; UNCERTAIN ABOUT FUTURE MARINE CORPS EHF REQUIREMENTS.
--COMMERCIAL SATCOM SHOULD BE INCLUDED FOR SIMPLEX (GBS) CIRCUITS. FULL DUPLEX (COMMERCIAL WIDE BAND SATCOM) NOT REQUIRED.
--HIGH BANDWIDTH, LINE OF SIGHT DATA/VOICE/VIDEO CAPABILITIES (DIGITAL WIDE BAND TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (DWTS)) REQUIRED FOR SHIP TO SHIP AND SHIP TO SHORE CONNECTIVITY FOR DATA AND CIRCUIT SWITCHED NETWORKS AND VIRTUAL COMMAND AND CONTROL. CIRCUIT SWITCHED NETWORK SHOULD BE TRI TAC INTEROPERABLE OR MUST INTERFACE WITH A TRI TAC SYSTEM.
--LINK 11 AND LINK 16 FUNCTIONALITY IS REQUIRED.
--SI COMMUNICATIONS (TACINTEL) FUNCTIONALITY IS REQUIRED.
--A FULLY INTEGRATED WIDE AREA NETWORK IS REQUIRED. THE SHIP WIDE AREA NETWORK (SWAN) REQUIREMENT MUST INCLUDE A NETWORK MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY THAT ENABLES NETWORK MANAGERS VISIBILITY INTO THE SWAN OPERATIONS WHILE EMBARKED OR REMOTELY FROM THE "GATOR" HUB. FURTHERMORE, A SYSTEMS CONTROL CAPABILITY ALLOWING THE MANAGEMENT OF THE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM EMBARKED OR REMOTELY FROM THE "GATOR" HUB IS REQUIRED.

4B. COMMAND AND CONTROL/ DECISION AIDS:
--THE PRIMARY MISSION OF LPD-17 IS LANDING MARINE FORCES AS PART OF AN ARG/MEU(SOC) TEAM. THEREFORE, FUNCTIONALITY FOR SUPPORTING ARMS COORDINATION CENTER (SACC), TACTICAL AIRCRAFT CONTROL CENTER (TACC), TACTICAL LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT CENTER (TACLOG), LANDING FORCE OPERATIONS CENTER (LFOC), HELICOPTER DIRECTION CENTER (HDC) IS DEEMED CRITICAL AND ESSENTIAL. LEVEL OF FUNCTIONALITY REQUIRES ADDITIONAL DISCUSSION/REVIEW.
--C2 SYSTEMS SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF FUSING THE TACTICAL, OPERATIONAL, THEATER AND ALLIED PICTURE INTO ONE SYSTEM. JMCIS/GCCS FUNCTIONALITY IS REQUIRED AND MUST PRESENT A COMMON TACTICAL PICTURE TO INCLUDE AIR, SURFACE AND GROUND TRACKS FOR POSITION LOCATION INFORMATION (PLI). THE INTEGRATION OF REALTIME AND NEAR-REALTIME DATA SHOULD PROVIDE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS (NEAR/NON REALTIME)
--DEDICATED SSES SPACE REQUIRED WHICH IS CAPABLE PROVIDING BOTH ARG SCI PROCESSING REDUNDANCY AND STANDALONE CAPABILITY FOR LIMITED INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS.
--LPD-17 SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF HOSTING/INTEGRATING CARRY-ON COMBAT DIRECTION FINDING EQUIPMENT.
--LPD-17 SHOULD POSSESS THE CAPABILITY FOR COOPERATIVE ENGAGEMENT AND LIMITED SELF DEFENSE (CEC AND SSDS).

4C. SENSORS:
--REQUIREMENTS INCLUDE THE NEED FOR THE STANDARD SHIPBOARD RADARS FOR NAVIGATION, COMMAND/CONTROL, AND SHIP'S SELF DEFENSE. THIS INCLUDES AIR, SURFACE, NAVIGATION, AND FIRE CONTROL.
--THE LPD-17 SHOULD INCLUDE A UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) CAPABILITY TO CONTROL/TASK, RECEIVE, INTEROPERATE AND DISSEMINATE INFORMATION WITH TRI-SERVICE UAVS.
--"PRECISION APPROACH" SYSTEM FOR AVIATION RECOVERY ISREQUIRED AND VIEWED AS CRITICAL FOR ACFT SUCH AS V-22 AND AV-8.
--POSITION LOCATION INFORMATION (PLI) SENSORS REQUIRED. THE ISSUE OF PLI IS PROBLEMATIC FOR AMPHIBIOUS FORCES AND REQUIRES RESOLUTION. IT IS CRUCIAL TO RESOLVE EARLY IN LPD-17 DESIGN PROCESS. RECOMMEND THAT A DEDICATED PLI WORKING GROUP BE CONVENED TO ADDRES THE FULL INTEGRATION OF PLI SENSORS INTO ONE SYSTEM TO AID IN PRODUCTION OF THE COMMON TACTICAL PICTURE. THIS NEEDS TO BE ACCOMPLISHED IN CONJUNCTION WITH AND AS PART OF THE COMBAT SYSTEMS FUNCTIONAL ALLOCATION BOARD (CSFAB) TASKING AS DESCRIBED IN ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE NAVY FOR RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION (ASN (RDA)) LETTER DATED 15 MAR 96 ON COHERENT TACTICAL PICTURE.
--ORGANIC MINE DETECTION CAPABILITIES FOR ADVANCE FORCE OPERATIONS AND SPMAGTF OPERATIONS ARE REQUIRED. THIS IS CRITICAL TO THE DECISION PROCESS OF FORCE DELIVERY AND NEEDS TO BE ORGANIC TO THE SHIP.

5. THE TWO DAY EFFORT WAS EXTREMELY SUCCESSFUL AND WILL HOPEFULLY ENERGIZE FURTHER DIALOGUE AS LPD-17 DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS EVOLVE. COMPREHENSIVE MINUTES WILL BE AVAILABLE WITHIN 30 DAYS. LCDR BRUCE MATHERS, CPG3 COMBAT SYSTEMS OFFICER, HAS BEEN TASKED WITH COORDINATION OF THE PACIFIC AMPHIBIOUS TEAM LPD-17 ISSUES FOR CONTINUITY, (619)556-3585, E-MAIL MATHERS@NOSC.MIL.//
BT #5828

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APPENDIX C. ACRONYMS


ACDS                  Advanced Combat Direction System

ACOM                  Atlantic Command

ARG                   Amphibious Ready Group

ATO                   Air Tasking Order

BG                    Battle Group

BGPHES                Battle Group Passive Horizon Extension System 

BUR                   Bottom-Up Review 

C2                    Command and Control 

C4I                   Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Information 

C4ISR                 Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Information, 

                      Surveillance and Reconnaissance 

CINC                  Commander In Chief  

CJTF                  Commander, Joint Task Force

CLA                   Carrier, Littoral, and Auxiliaries

CMC                   Commandant of the Marine Corps 

CNN                   Cable News Network

CNO                   Chief of Naval Operations 

CNSL                  COMNAVSURFLANT  

CNSP                  COMNAVSURFPAC  

CO                    Commanding Officer  

COC                   Command (or Combat) Operations Center 

COMNAVSURFLANT        Commander, Naval Surface Force Atlantic 

COMNAVSURFPAC         Commander, Naval Surface Force Pacific

COMPHIBGRU            Commander, Amphibious Group   

COMPHIBRON            Commander, Amphibious Squadron    

CONOPS                Concept of Operations  

CONUS                 Continental United States  

CTAPS                 Contingency TACs Automated Planning System  

CVBG                  Carrier Battle Group  

DF                    Direction Finding 

DII                   Defense Information Infrastructure 

DS/DS                 Desert Shield/Desert Storm   

DWTS                  Digital Wideband Transmission System 

EDO                   Engineering Duty Officer  

EHF                   Extremely High Frequency 

EWTGLANT              Expeditionary Warfare Training Group, Atlantic 

GBS                   Global Broadcast Service (or System)  

GCCS                  Global Command and Control System     

HQMC                  Headquarters, Marine Corps         

I&W                   Indications and Warning  

IBO                   Integrated Battle Organization  

IFR                   Instrument Flight Rules  

INMARSAT              International Maritime Satellite  

IPT                   Integrated Product Team                                    

JCPMS                 Joint Computer Program Management System                   

JIC                   Joint Intelligence Center                                  

JMCIS                 Joint Maritime Command Information System                  

JMCOMS                Joint Maritime Communications Strategy                     

JTUAV                 Joint Tactical Unmanned Aerial Vehicle                     

LFOC                  Landing Force Operations Center                            

LOS                   Line of Sight                                              

MARFOR                Marine Force                                               

MCCDC                 Marine Corps Combat Development Command                    

MCM                   Mine Countermeasure                                        

MEDAL                 Mine Environment Decision Analysis Library                 

MEF                   Marine Expeditionary Force                                 

MEU                   Marine Expeditionary Unit                                  

MIW                   Mine Warfare                                               

MRC                   Major Regional Contingency                                 

NAB                   Naval Amphibious Base                                      

NALCOMIS              Naval Aviation Logistics Command Management Information    

                      System                                                     

NIPRNET               Non-secure Internet Protocol Router Network                

NMCC                  National Military Command Center                           

NRaD                  Navy Research and Development                              

NSWCDD                Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division            

OOTW                  Operations Other Than War                                  

OPNAV                 Operational Navy (CNO staff)                               

OPTEVFOR              Operational Test and Evaluation Force                      

PD                    Program Director                                           

PEO                   Program Executive Officer                                  

PLI                   Position Location Information                              

PLRS                  Position Location Reporting System                         

PMS                   Program Manager-Sea                                        

POE                   Projected Operational Environment                          

PUK                   Pack Up Kits                                               

RFP                   Request For Proposal                                       

ROC                   Required Operational Capability                            

SABER                 Situational Awareness Beacon with Reply                    

SACC                  Supporting Arms Coordination Center                        

SALTS                 Strategic Arms Limitations Talks                         

SATCOM                Satellite Communications                                   

SI                    Special Intelligence                                       

SINCGARS              Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System            

SIPRNET               Secret (or Secure) Internet Protocol Router Network        

SOF                   Safety of Flight                                           

SPAWAR                Naval Space and Warfare Systems Command                    

SPECOPS               Special Operations                                         

SPN                   Joint electronics type designation sytem (AN/xxx):         

                      Water/Surface-craft Navigation Radar                       

SSES                  Ship's Signal Exploitation Space                           

SWAN                  Ship-Wide Area Network                                     

SYSCOM                System Command                                             

TACC                  Tactical Air Control Center                               

TACINTEL              Tactical Intelligence                                      

TACLOG                Tactical Logistics                                         

TAO                   Tactical Action Officer                                    

UAV                   Unmanned Aerial Vehicle                                    

UB                    Unified Build                                              

VSW                   Very Shallow Water                                         

VTC                   Video Teleconference                                       



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