United States Army Aviation Center Fort Rucker, Alabama JANUARY 1998 STUDENT HANDOUT TITLE: HEAVY/LIGHT OPPOSING FORCES ORGANIZATION AND EQUIPMENT FILE NUMBER: 4G 3017-6 PROPONENT FOR THIS STUDENT HANDOUT IS:
1ST AVIATION BRIGADE
ATTN: ATZQ-BDE-OD
Fort Rucker, Alabama 36362-5000
FOREIGN DISCLOSURE RESTRICTIONS: The material contained in this student handout has been reviewed by the instructor/training developer and determined to be public domain materials. This publication is releasable to military students from all foreign countries without restrictions.
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE: As a company commander or staff officer the student will identify Heavy/Light opposing force (H/LOF) organizations, equipment, and key weapon system characteristics.
At the completion of this lesson the student will:
ACTION: Identify heavy/light opposing force organizations, equipment, and key weapon system characteristics.
CONDITION: Without references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60, FM 100-63, AND FM 100-2-3.
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS: None.
RISK ASSESSMENT LEVEL: Low.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: None.
EVALUATION: Each student will be evaluated on this lesson during the Heavy/Light Opposing Forces Examination.
NOTE: The weapon systems and equipment presented in this block of instruction is based on the systems developed and produced by the former Soviet Union (FSU). These systems provide an illustrative baseline because 1) many potential threat countries are equipped with FSU systems, and 2) these more familiar systems provide an immediate, concrete picture of the potential threat’s technological capabilities. Once a particular threat country is identified, substitutions can be made IAW the appropriate substitution matrix provided in FMs 100-60 and 100-63.
NOTE: Throughout the enabling learning objectives in this lesson plan
the term composition refers to the organization, number and type
of vehicles comprising the unit specified. The term organization
refers to the sub-units only within the unit specified.
A. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #1:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Soviet designed shoulder-fired Surface to Air Missiles (SAMs)(SA-7A/B, SA-14, and SA-16).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the SA-7A/B are:
(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 15 meters(m)/15m
(2) Range: 3.6 kilometers (km)/5.5km
(3) Missile guidance: Passive Infrared(IR)
(4) Aspect: Rear
b. The characteristics of the SA-14 are:
(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 0m
(2) Range: 6km
(3) Missile guidance: Passive IR (Cooled)
(4) Aspect: All
c. The characteristics of the SA-16 are:
(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 0m
(2) Range: 6km+
(3) Missile guidance: Passive IR/UV (Cooled)
(4) Aspect: All
B. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #2:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed SA-6.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
The characteristics of the SA-6 are:
(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 50m
(4) Four launch vehicles, one STRAIGHT FLUSH radar vehicle, and two reload vehicles are assigned to each SA-6 battery.(2) Range: 24km(3) Missile guidance: Semi-Active Radar.C. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #3.
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed SA-8a/b.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the SA-8a are:
(2) Range: 12km(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 10m(4) The SA-8a TELAR launch vehicle is six wheeled and amphibious. The missiles are mounted in two pairs, one on each side of the LAND ROLL radar pedestal atop the vehicle.(3) Missile guidance: Command Guided(5) Four TELARs are assigned per battery of the SAM Regiment.
b. The characteristics of the SA-8b are:
(2) Range: 15km(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 10m(4) The SA-8b TELAR launch vehicle is six wheeled and amphibious. The missiles are mounted in two sets of three launcher boxes, one on each side of the LAND ROLL radar pedestal atop the vehicle.(3) Missile guidance: Command GuidedD. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #4.
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed SA-9 and SA-13.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the SA-9 are:
(5) The system is commonly mounted on a modified BRDM-2 with the normal turret replaced by four SA-9 container-launcher boxes.(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 10m(2) Range: 6.5km
(3) Missile guidance: Passive IR(4) Aspect: Rear
(6) Four launcher vehicles are assigned per SAM platoon of the Air Defense Battery.
b. The characteristics of the SA-13 are:
(5) The system is normally mounted on a modified MT-LB tracked vehicle. It is equipped with 4 container-launcher boxes mounted on a pivoting pedestal with a range only radar. This system can also fire the older SA-9 missile.(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 10m(2) Range: 7km
(3) Missile guidance: Passive IR (Cooled)(4) Aspect: All
(6) Four launcher vehicles are assigned per SAM platoon of the Air Defense Battery.
E. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #5:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed SA-19.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
The characteristics of the SA-19 (deployed on 2S6) are:
F. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #6:(1) Minimum Engagement Altitude (MEA): 15m.(2) Range: 8km.
(3) Missile guidance: Radar command guided.
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed ZPU1/2/4 antiaircraft gun systems.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
The characteristics of the ZPU-1/2/4 are:
G. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #7:(1) Weapon: 1x14.5mm, 2x14.5mm, or 4x14.5mm(2) Range: 1400m
(3) Weapon guidance: Optical
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed ZU-23 and ZSU-23-4 antiaircraft gun systems.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the ZU-23 are:
b. The characteristics of the ZSU-23-4 are:(1) Weapon: 2x23mm(2) Range: 2500m
(3) Weapon guidance: Optical
H. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #8:(1) Weapon: 4x23mm(2) Range: 2500m
(3) Weapon guidance: Optical or Radar (acquisition, track, and range)
(4) Four vehicles are assigned to the SPAA Gun Platoon of the Air Defense battery.
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed 2S6 antiaircraft gun systems.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
The characteristics of the 2S6 are:
tracking and fire control)(1) Weapon: 2x30mm(2) Range: 4000m
(3) Weapon guidance: Day/Night Optical or Radar (acquisition,(4) The 2S6 is the replacement system for the ZSU-23-4.
I. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #9:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed S60 antiaircraft gun system.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
The characteristics of the S-60 (on/off carriage) are:
(4) Six Guns and one fire control center with the FLAP WHEEL radar are assigned to the AA Gun Battery of the LOF AA Gun Regiment.(1) Weapon: 1x57mm(2) Range: 4000m/6000m
(3) Weapon guidance: Optical/Radar Guided
J. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #10:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed 2S1, 2S3, D-20, D-30, and BM-21 fire support weapon systems.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the 2S1 are:
b. The characteristics of the 2S3 are:(1) Weapon: 122mm(2) Range: 15,300m
(3) Mode of transportation: SP
c. The characteristics of the D-20 are:(1) Weapon: 152mm(2) Range: 17,230m
(3) Mode of transportation: SP
d. The characteristics of the D-30 are:(1) Weapon: 152mm(2) Range: 17,230m
(3) Mode of transportation: Towed
e. The characteristics of the BM-21 are:(1) Weapon: 122mm(2) Range: 15,300m
(3) Mode of transportation: Towed
K. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #11:(1) Weapon: 122mm rocket(2) Range: 20,380m
(3) Mode of transportation: Truck
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed BRDM-2.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
The characteristics of the BRDM-2 are:
L. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #12.(1) Weapon: 14.5mm/7.62mm(2) Range: 2000m/1400m
(3) ATGM: AT-2,3,5(can also fire the AT-4 from the AT-5 launcher)
Identify the characteristics of Soviet designed APCs: BTR-60/70/80.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the BTR-60/70/80 are:
b. BTR-60/70/80 are the primary combat vehicles of APC-equipped Mechanized Infantry units.(1) Weapon: 14.5mm/7.62mm(2) Range(ground/air): 2000m/1400m
(3) ATGM: None
M. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #13.
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Soviet designed IFVs: BMP-1 and BMP-2.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the BMP-1 are:
b. The characteristics of the BMP-2 are:(1) Weapon: 73mm(2) Range(ground/antiair): 800/1000m
(3) ATGM: AT-3,4,5
c. BMP-1/2 are the primary combat vehicles of IFV-equipped Mechanized Infantry units.(1) Weapon: 30mm(2) Range(ground/air): 2-4km/3,000m
(3) ATGM: AT-4,5
N. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #14:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed main battle tanks:(T-55, T-62, T-64, T-72, and T-80).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the T-55 are:
b. The characteristics of the T-62 are:(1) Weapon: 100mm/12.7mm AA gun/7.62mm Coaxial gun(2) Range(ground/air): 1500m/1000m/1000m
(3) ATGM capability: None
c. The characteristics of the T-64 are:(1) Weapon: 115mm/12.7mm AA gun/7.62mm Coaxial gun(2) Range(ground/air): 1870m/1000m/1000m
(3) ATGM capability: None
d. The characteristics of the T-72 are:(1) Weapon: 125mm/12.7mm AA gun/7.62mm Coaxial gun(2) Range(ground/air): 2100m/1000m/1000m
(3) ATGM capability: AT-8(T-64B only)
(1) Weapon: 125mm/12.7mm AA gun/7.62mm Coaxial gun(2) Range(ground/air): 2100m/1000m/1000m
e. The characteristics of the T-80 are:(3) ATGM capability: NoneO. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #15:(1) Weapon: 125mm/12.7mm AA gun/7.62mm Coaxial gun(2) Range(ground/air): 2400m/1000m/1000m
(3) ATGM capability: AT-8
ACTION: Identify the range of the Soviet designed AT-2/Swatter,
AT-3/Sagger, AT-4/Spigot, AT-5/Spandrel, AT-6/Spiral, AT-7/Saxhorn, and AT-8/Songster systems.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The range of the AT-2/Swatter (AT-2A/B/C)is 2500m/3500m/4000m.
b. The range of the AT-3/Sagger is 3000m.
c. The range of the AT-4/Spigot is 2000m.
d. The range of the AT-5/Spandrel is 4000m.
e. The range of the AT-6/Spiral is 5000m.
f. The range of the AT-7/Saxhorn is 1000m.
g. The range of the AT-8/Songster is 4000m.
P. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #16:
ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the Soviet designed Mi-8T Hip C/E, Mi-17 Hip, and Mi-24 Hind D/E/F.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The characteristics of the Mi-8T Hip C/E are:
b. The characteristics of the Mi-17 Hip are:(1) Weapons (C/E): 1x12.7mm MG/57mm rockets, bombs, ATGMs, 12.7mm MGs(2) Range: 200km combat radius
(3) Passengers/Cargo: 24 troops/3000kg internal
c. The characteristics of the Mi-24 Hind D/E/F are:(1) Weapons: 23mm MG/57mm rockets(2) Range: 460km combat radius
(3) Passengers/Cargo: 24 troops and 1000kg/4000kg internal or 3000kg external
rocket pods, 80mm rocket pods, bombs, and AT-2Cs(1) Weapons: D- 12.7mm Gatling gun in chin turret, 57mmE- 12.7mm Gatling gun in chin turret, 57mm
rocket pods, 80mm rocket pods, bombs, and AT-6s
F- 2x30mm guns in fixed pod on the right side of
the fuselage, 57mm rocket pods, 80mm rocket
pods, bombs, and AT-6s
Q. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #17:(2) Range: 160km(3) Passengers: 8-10 troops
ACTION: Identify the missions of the Soviet-designed ground attack aircraft (MiG-21 Fishbed, MiG-27 Flogger, MiG-29 Fulcrum, Su-17 Fitter, Su-24 Fencer, Su-25 Frogfoot).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-2-3.
a. The mission of the MiG-21 Fishbed is interceptor/ground attack.
b. The mission of the MiG-27 Flogger D/J is ground attack.
c. The mission of the MiG-29 Fulcrum is fighter/ground attack.
d. The mission of the Su-17 Fitter is ground attack.
e. The mission of the Su-24 Flanker is ground attack/air interdiction.
f. The mission of the Su-25 Frogfoot is ground attack.
NOTE: The Heavy Opposing Forces (HOF) and Light Opposing Forces (LOF) referred to in this block of instruction are based on FMs 100-60 (HOF) and FM 100-63 (LOF). As such, they are a capabilities-based Opposing Force(OPFOR) representing a composite of actual worldwide forces. The Armor- and Mechanized-based Heavy OPFOR represents the forces of developed countries. The HOF model country possesses strategic air and naval, to include nuclear, capabilities. HOF Ground Forces are capable of conducting large scale joint- and combined-arms operations. The Infantry-based Light OPFOR represents the armed forces of a developing country with limited resources. These forces are primarily infantry (dismounted or motorized), with relatively few mechanized forces or tanks. They do include significant special purpose and "commando" forces which constitute a significant threat throughout the battlefield.
R. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #18:
ACTION: Identify the composition of a HOF Mechanized Infantry Battalion (IFV) (MIBN(IFV)).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. The HOF Mechanized Infantry Company (IFV) has:
(1) Company Headquarters with 1 BMP.
(2) Three Motorized Rifle Platoons with 3 BMPs each.
b. The combat units of the MIBN (IFV) are:
(1) Battalion Headquarters with 2 BMPs.
(2) Three Mechanized Infantry Companies.
(3) One Mortar Battery with 6 2B9/2B14 (82 mm) mortars or 6 M1943/2B11/2S12 (120 mm) mortars.
c. The combat support units for the MIBN (IFV) are:
(1) One Surface to Air Missile (SAM) platoon with 3 BMPs and 9 SA-7/14/16 SAMs.
(2) One Reconnaissance Platoon with 2 BMPs and 1 BRM.
(3) One Automatic Grenade Launcher (AGL) Platoon with 3 BMPs carrying 6 AGS-17s.
(4) Most battalions do not have an Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) Platoon. However, battalions as part of separate brigades will have an ATGM Platoon with 3 BMPs carrying 6 manpacked AT-4/SPIGOTs.
S. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #19:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the combat and combat support units organic to a HOF Mechanized Infantry Brigade (IFV).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
The MIB (IFV) is organized as follows:
(1) 3 MIBNs (IFV)
(2) 1 Tank Battalion
(3) 1 SP Howitzer Battalion with 18 2S1s.
(4) 1 ATGM Battery or Battalion with 9 BRDMs w/AT-5
(5) 1 Air Defense Artillery (ADA) Battery or Battalion.
(6) 1 Reconnaissance Company
(7) 1 Engineer Company
T. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #20:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the combat and key combat support units organic the HOF Mechanized Infantry Division (IFV-heavy) (MID(IFV)).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. The standard HOF MID (IFV) has 2 IFV-equipped brigades and 1 APC-equipped brigade and 1 Tank Brigade.
b. In addition to the 4 maneuver brigades, the HOF MID includes the following key combat support units:
(1) 1 Self-Propelled (SP) Artillery Regiment with:
(a) 3 SP Artillery Battalions of 18 2S3s each.
(b) 1 Multiple Rocket Launcher (MRL) Battalion of 18 BM-21s.
(2) 1 SAM Regiment with: 5 batteries of 4 SA-6s, SA-8s, or SA-15s each.
(3) One Anti-Tank Battalion.
(4) One Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion.
U. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #21:
ACTION: Identify the composition of a HOF Mechanized Infantry Battalion (APC) (MIBN(APC)).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. The HOF Mechanized Infantry Company (APC) has:
(1) A Company Headquarters with 1 BTR.
(2) Three Mechanized Infantry Platoons with 3 BTRs each.
(3) One ATGM Section with 1 BTR and 3 AT-7 SAXHORN ATGMs.
b. The combat units of the MIBN (APC) are:
(1) A Battalion Headquarters with 2 BTRs.
(2) Three Mechanized Infantry Companies.
(3) One Mortar Battery with 6 2B9/2B14 (82 mm) mortars or 6 M1943/2B11/2S12 (120 mm) mortars.
c. The combat support units for the MIBN (IFV) are:
(1) One Surface to Air Missile (SAM) Platoon with 3 BTRs and 9 SA-7/14/16 SAMs.
(2) One Automatic Grenade Launcher (AGL) Platoon with 3 BTRs carrying 6 AGS-17s.
(3) One Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) Platoon with 5 BTRs carrying 6 man-portable AT-4/SPIGOTs.
(4) Some battalions are not equipped with a Reconnaissance Platoon. If so equipped, the Reconnaissance Platoon contains 3 BTRs.
V. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #22:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the combat and combat support units organic to a HOF Mechanized Infantry Brigade (APC).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
The MIB (APC) is organized as follows:
(1) 3 MIBNs (APC)
(2) 1 Tank Battalion
(3) 1 Artillery Battalion with 18 2S1s or 18 D-30s.
(4) 1 ATGM battery with 9 BRDMs w/AT-5 or a battalion with
9-12 BRDM/AT-5s and 6 MT-12/2A45M 100/125 mm Anti-tank guns.
(5) 1 Air Defense Artillery (ADA) battery or battalion.
(6) 1 Reconnaissance Company
(7) 1 Engineer Company
W. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #23:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the combat and key combat support units organic the HOF Mechanized Infantry Division (APC-heavy) (MID(APC)).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. The standard HOF MID (APC) has 2 APC-equipped brigades and 1 IFV-equipped brigade and 1 tank brigade.
b. In addition to the 4 maneuver brigades, the HOF MID includes the following key combat support units:
(1) 1 Self-Propelled (SP) Artillery Regiment with:
(a) 3 SP Artillery Battalions of 18 2S3s each.
(b) 1 Multiple Rocket Launcher (MRL) Battalion of 18 BM-21s.
(2) 1 SAM regiment with: 5 batteries of 4 SA-6s, SA-8s, or SA-15s each.
(3) One Anti-Tank Battalion.
(4) One Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion.
X. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #24.
ACTION: Identify the composition of a HOF Tank Battalion organic to a HOF maneuver brigade.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. A HOF Tank Battalion has a total of 31 tanks. This battalion is not a combined arms organization.
b. The HOF Tank Company is equipped with ten tanks:
(1) A Company HQ with 1 T-72/80 tank.
(2) 3 Tank Platoons each with 3 T-72/80 tanks.
c. The Tank Battalion is organized as follows:
(1) 1 Battalion HQ with 1 T-72/80 tank.
(2) 3 Tank Companies with 10 T-72/80 tanks each.
Y. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #25:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the combat and combat support units organic to a HOF Tank Brigade (TB).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. Unlike the tank battalion, the Tank Brigade is a combined arms organization.
b. The Tank Brigade is organized as follows:
(1) 3 Tank Battalions.
(2) 1 BMP equipped Mechanized Infantry Battalion (IFV), if assigned as part of a Tank Division.
(3) 1 Self-Propelled Howitzer Battalion with 18 2S1s.
(4) 1 Air Defense Artillery Battery or Battalion.
(5) 1 Engineer Company.
(6) 1 Reconnaissance Company.
NOTE: Insure the OIT understands that there are no differences between like combat support units in the MIB and the TB, i.e. the engineer company of the MIB is organized the same as it is in the
TB, but it does have more of some equipment (bridges/mine plows).
Z. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #26:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the combat and combat support units organic to a HOF Tank Division (TD).
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. Like the tank brigade, the Tank Division is a combined arms organization.
b. The Tank Division is organized with:
(1) 3 Tank Brigades.
(2) 1 BMP-equipped Mechanized Infantry Brigade (IFV).
(3) 1 Self-Propelled (SP) Artillery Regiment with:
(a) 3 SP Artillery Battalions of 18 2S3s each.
(b) 1 Multiple Rocket Launcher (MRL) Battalion of 18 BM-21s.
(4) 1 SAM regiment with 5 batteries of 4 SA-6s, SA-8s, or SA-15s each.
(5) 1 Reconnaissance Battalion.
(6) 1 Engineer Battalion.
AA. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #27:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the HOF Air Defense battery and battalion.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. Each HOF Mechanized Infantry or Tank Brigade is assigned either an Air Defense Battery or Battalion. The brigade with more modern equipment has an air defense Battalion, while one equipped with older equipment has the less capable air defense Battery.
b. The composition of the HOF Air Defense Battery is:
(1) A Battery Headquarters.
(2) 1 SAM Platoon of 4 SA-9/13s
(3) 1 SP AA Gun Platoon of 4 ZSU-23-4s.
(4) A Maintenance Section.
(5) A Transport Section.
c. The composition of the HOF Air Defense Battalion is:
(1) Battalion Headquarters.
(2) 1 SPAA Gun Battery of 6 2S6s.
(3) 1 SAM (MANPAD) Battery of 6 BMP-2s with 18 SA-14/16s.
(4) 1 SAM Battery of 6 SA-13’s (assigned to most units).
AB. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #28:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Reconnaissance Company of a HOF maneuver brigade.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. The composition of the Reconnaissance Company is the same for both the HOF Tank Brigade and Mechanized Infantry Brigades.
b. The Reconnaissance Company of the HOF brigade is as follows:
(1) 1 Company HQ with 1 BRDM.
(2) 1 Reconnaissance Platoon (Tracked) with 2 BMP-1/2s and
1 BRM.
(3) 1 Reconnaissance Platoon (Wheeled) with 4 BRDM-2s.
(4) Some Reconnaissance Companies may have a Motorcycle Section of 3 motorcycles.
NOTE: Some companies may also have a second tracked recon platoon.
AC. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #29:
ACTION: Identify the composition of a HOF Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion in a HOF Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. The composition of the Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion is exactly the same for both the MID and TD.
b. The composition of the battalion is:
(1) 2 Reconnaissance Companies with 6 BMPs and 4 BTRs each.
(2) 1 Long Range Reconnaissance Company with 6 BTRs and 7 BRDMs.
(3) 1 Signals Reconnaissance Company with:
(a) 1 radio intercept and direction finding (DF) platoon.
(b) 1 radar intercept and DF platoon.
(4) 1 Jamming Company.
(5) A Supply and Service Platoon.
NOTE: Some better-equipped units will also have a Remotely Piloted Vehicle (RPV) Squadron with 8 RPVs.
AD. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #30:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Separate Helicopter Squadron assigned to the HOF Corps or Army.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. HOF doctrine assigns helicopter assets at the corps and army levels. The HOF Separate Helicopter Squadron can be roughly equated to the US General Support Battalion in terms of support for and assignment to the parent organization, but has far greater capabilities due to the variety of aircraft assigned.
b. HOF Corps and Army each have one Separate Helicopter Squadron assigned. Some corps and armies have a Mixed Aviation Squadron instead of the Separate Helicopter Squadron.
c. The HOF Separate Helicopter Squadron is composed of:
(1) 1 or 2 Medium Lift Flights of 3 Mi-8/17s each.
(2) 1 Heavy Lift Flight of 1 or 2 Mi-6 or Mi-26s.
(3) 1 Reconnaissance Flight of 2 Mi-24K (Photorecon) and 2 Mi-24R (NBC Sampling).
(4) 1 or 2 Light Helicopter Flights with 6 Mi-2s each.
(5) Some squadrons may also have a Heliborne Jamming Flight with 2-3 Mi-8SMVs and 2-3 Mi-8PPA/Mi-8MTs.
(6) Some squadrons may also have a Command Post Flight with 1-2 Mi-8VKPs.
AE. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #31:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Mixed Aviation Squadron assigned to the HOF Corps or Army.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. HOF doctrine assigns the Mixed Aviation Squadron to the Corps or Army instead of the Separate Helicopter Squadron.
b. The HOF Mixed Aviation Squadron is composed of:
(1) 1 or 2 Medium Lift Flights of 4 Mi-8/17s each.
(2) 1 Heavy Lift Flight of 1 or 2 Mi-6 or Mi-26s.
(3) 1 or 2 Light Transport Flights (Fixed-Wing) with 6 An-26 each.
(4) 1 or 2 Medium Transport Flights with 6 An-12s each.
AF. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #32:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Combat Helicopter Regiment assigned to the HOF Corps or Army.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. HOF doctrine assigns the Combat Helicopter Regiment to the Corps or Army. In terms of combat support provided, the HOF Combat Helicopter Regiment may be roughly equated to the US Corps Aviation Brigade, in that in maintains both attack and lift helicopter assets.
b. The corps maintains one regiment while the army maintains two regiments.
c. The HOF Combat Helicopter Regiment is composed of:
(1) 1 Medium Lift Squadron of 20 Mi-8/17s each.
(2) 2 Attack Helicopter Squadrons with 20 Mi-24/35 or Ka-50s each.
(3) 1 Flight Services Squadron.
(4) 1 Maintenance Support Squadron.
(5) Some Combat Helicopter Regiments may also have a Reconnaissance Helicopter Squadron with 6 Mi-24K photoreconnaissance and 6 Mi-24R NBC-sampling helicopters
NOTE: The Infantry based OPFOR is broken into three major levels of command or force organization. The highest level is the National Asset Pool, containing combat support and combat service support assets which are too costly, or scarce to allocate to subordinate commands. These constitute the strategic level of forces. The next level is the Military region. The region consists of two or more military districts. The region is both geographical and a level of command. Forces of a military region constitute the operational level of forces. The last level is that of the military district. The district is also geographical and a level of command. It has no set composition or size, but will normally contain one or more separate brigades. It might contain a standing division or reserve division. In general, the military district represents the highest level of tactical level forces for the Infantry based OPFOR.
NOTE: The basic maneuver unit in the Light OPFOR is the brigade, consisting of maneuver battalions and combat support and service support units. Motorized infantry brigades are the most common in the Light OPFOR. These units differ primarily by having trucks available to transport all elements subordinate to the unit when necessary. The distinction between infantry and motorized infantry becomes clear only at brigade level since the trucks are organic to the brigade. At battalion level there are no trucks available for transporting any infantry companies, although the battalion headquarters will contain a few.
AG. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #33:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the LOF Infantry Company.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. The LOF Infantry Company organization is the same for the Motorized Infantry Battalion and the Infantry Battalion.
B. The composition of the LOF Infantry Company is:
(1) 3 Infantry Platoons.
b. The infantry company consists of approximately 126 troops and requires six medium trucks for movement(organic to brigade).(2) 1 Mortar Platoon with 3 60mm mortars.c. Each company is equipped with 18 RPK-74 light machine-guns (LMG) roughly equivalent to the US M249 SAW, 9 PKM general purpose machine-guns (GPMG) roughly equivalent to the US M60, 23 40mm BG-15 grenade launchers (US M203 equivalent), 15 RPG-7 anti-tank grenade launchers, and 22 RPG-18/22 launchers (roughly equivalent to the US M72 LAW or AT-4.
AH. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #34:
ACTION: Identify the organization of the Motorized Infantry Battalion organic to a divisional or separate LOF Motorized Infantry Brigade.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
The LOF Motorized Infantry Battalion is organized as follows:
AI. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #35.(1) 1 Battalion Headquarters(2) 3 Infantry Companies.
(3) 1 Weapons Company.
(4) 1 Signal Platoon.
(5) 1 Service and Supply Platoon.
ACTION: Identify the key combat and combat support units of the Motorized Infantry Brigade organic to a LOF Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. Key combat and combat support units of the LOF Motorized Infantry Brigade are:
(5) 1 ATGM Platoon with 6 AT-4/SPIGOT ATGMs transported in 3 light trucks.(1) 1 Brigade Headquarters(2) 3 Motorized Infantry Battalions.
(3) 1 Mortar Battalion with 18 82mm or 120mm mortars.
(4) 1 AA Gun Battery with 8 ZU-23s.
(8) The Motor Transport Battalion provides transportation for the brigade’s units with over 100 light, medium, and utility trucks.(6) 1 Reconnaissance Platoon.(7) 1 Engineer Company.
b. Some Motorized Infantry Brigades may have a mechanized battalion replacing one of the motorized battalions.
AJ. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #36.
ACTION: Identify the key combat and combat support units of the LOF Motorized Infantry Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. Key combat and combat support units of the LOF Motorized Infantry Division are:
(8) Some Motorized Infantry Divisions will also have a Separate Tank Battalion with 22 or 31 tanks, usually T-55/62 or variants.(1) 1 Division Headquarters(2) 3 Motorized Infantry Brigades.
(3) 1 Towed Artillery Regiment with 18 D-30 122mm Howitzers, 18 D-20 152mm Howitzers, and 18 BM-21 122mm Multiple Rocket Launchers.
(4) 1 AA Gun Regiment with 24 S-60 57mm AA guns and 15 SA-7/14/16 MANPADs.
(5) 1 ATGM Battery or AT Battalion.
(6) 1 Reconnaissance Company or a Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion.
(7) 1 Engineer Company or Battalion.
b. Motorized Infantry Divisions are more common than Infantry or Mechanized Infantry Divisions.
AK. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #37.
ACTION: Identify the organization of the Infantry Battalion organic to a divisional or separate LOF Infantry Brigade.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. The LOF Infantry Battalion is organized as follows:
b. Like the Infantry Battalions assigned to the Motorized Infantry Brigade, the Infantry Battalion has no organic transportation assets.(1) 1 Battalion Headquarters(2) 3 Infantry Companies.
(3) 1 Weapons Company.
AL. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #38.
ACTION: Identify the key combat and combat support units of the Infantry Brigade organic to a LOF Infantry Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
Key combat and combat support units of the LOF Infantry Brigade are:
(5) 1 ATGM Platoon with 6 AT-4/SPIGOT ATGMs transported in 3 light trucks.(1) 1 Brigade Headquarters(2) 3 Infantry Battalions.
(3) 1 Mortar Battalion with 18 82mm or 120mm mortars.
(4) 1 AA Gun Battery with 8 ZU-23s.
(8) Some Infantry Brigades may have an MRL Battery assigned with 6 or 9 RPU-14 towed MRLs.(6) 1 Reconnaissance Platoon.(7) 1 Engineer Company.
AM. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #39.
ACTION: Identify the key combat and combat support units of the LOF Infantry Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
Key combat and combat support units of the LOF Infantry Division are:
(3) 1 Towed Artillery Regiment with 18 D-30 122mm Howitzers, 18 D-20 152mm Howitzers, and 18 BM-21 122mm Multiple Rocket Launchers.(1) 1 Division Headquarters(2) 3 Infantry Brigades.
(4) 1 AA Gun Regiment with 24 S-60 57mm AA guns and 15 SA-7/14/16 MANPADs or with 6 each of ZPU-2/4 (14.5mm), M1939 (37mm), and 57mm AA guns.
(5) 1 ATGM Battery or AT Battalion.
(6) 1 Reconnaissance company or a reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion.
(7) 1 Engineer Company or Battalion.
(8) In rare instances, some Infantry Divisions will also have a Separate Tank Battalion with 22 or 31 tanks, usually T-55/62 or variants.
AN. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #40.
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Weapons Company organic to the LOF Motorized Infantry Battalion.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
The LOF Weapons Company is composed of:
(3) 1 Antitank Platoon with 3 AT-7 SAXHORN man-portable ATGMs and 2 SPG-9 73 mm recoilless guns.(1) 1 Mortar Platoon with 3 82 mm mortars.(2) 1 SAM Platoon with 9 Shoulder fired SAMs(usually the SA-7 or SA-14, but possibly the SA-16).
(a) The AT-7 is a light weight, man portable, SACLOS, wire guided missile.
(b) The AT-7 is the rough equivalent of the U.S. Dragon AT missile. The AT-7 has a maximum effective range of 1000 meters.
AO. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #40.
ACTION: Identify the composition of the LOF Anti Aircraft Gun Battery and regiment.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. Each LOF Infantry or Motorized Infantry Brigade is assigned an AA Gun Battery (23mm).
b. The composition of the LOF AA Gun Battery is:
(1) A Battery Headquarters.
(2) 2 AA Gun Platoons of 4 ZU-23 23mm guns each.
(3) A Transport Section.
(4) Some Motorized Infantry Brigades have a mix of 4 ZU-23 23mm AA gun systems and 4 ZSU-23-4 SPAA gun systems.
c. LOF Divisions are assigned AA Gun Regiments (57mm).
d. The composition of the LOF AA Gun Regiment (57mm) is:
(1) Regiment Headquarters.
(2) 1 Fire Control Battery.
(3) 4 AA Gun Batteries each with 6 S-60 57mm guns and
3 SA-7/14/16 SAMs.
(4) 1 Service Battery.
AP. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #41.
ACTION: Identify the composition of a LOF Reconnaissance Company organic to a Motorized Infantry Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. The LOF Recon Company is organized and equipped as follows:
(1) 1 Company Headquarters.
(2) 3 Recon Platoons.
(3) 1 Motorcycle Platoon.
(4) 1 Motor Transport Section
b. Most LOF Infantry and Motorized Infantry Divisions will have a Reconnaissance Company. Better-equipped divisions will have a Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion.
AQ. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #42:
ACTION: Identify the composition of a LOF Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion in a LOF Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-60.
a. The composition of the Reconnaissance and Electronic Combat Battalion is exactly the same for both the Infantry and Motorized Infantry Divisions.
b. The composition of the battalion is:
(1) 2 Reconnaissance Companies with 6 BRDMs and 4 BRM-1Ks each.
(2) 1 Long Range Reconnaissance Company with 13 BRDMs.
(3) 1 Signals Reconnaissance Company with:
(a) 1 Radio Intercept and Direction Finding (DF) Platoon.
(b) 1 Radar Intercept and DF Platoon.
(4) A Supply and Service Platoon.
(5) Poorly equipped divisions lack the Jamming Company.
NOTE: Some units assigned to Military Regions or Expeditionary Armies will also have a Remotely Piloted Vehicle (RPV) Squadron with 8 RPVs.
AR. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #43:
ACTION: Identify the organization of the Separate Tank Battalion organic to a LOF Infantry or Motorized Infantry Division.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. The Separate Tank Battalion has two possible organizations. The battalion may be organized with either 22 tanks or more conventionally, with 31 tanks.
c. The LOF Separate Tank Battalion is normally equipped with either the T-54/55 or T-62 tank.b. It's organization is as follows:(1) 1 BN HQ with one tank.(2) 3 Tank Companies with 7 or 10 tanks each.
(3) 1 Engineer Platoon.
(4) 1 Support Platoon.
AS. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #44.
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Special Purpose Forces (SPF) Team organic to the LOF SPF Battalion.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: FM 100-63.
a. The LOF SPF Team composition is not fixed. It's composition will vary based on the mission. It is primarily employed "behind the lines" for special reconnaissance or direct action.
(1) The team consists of between 5 and 12 personnel, with an officer assigned as the team leader.
(2) The SPF team is lightly equipped. Each soldier normally carries an assault rifle, a silenced pistol, and hand grenades of various types.
(3) The teams equipment also includes directional mines, explosives, and night vision devices. It could also be equipped with shoulder fired SAMs, or ATGMs based on it’s mission.
b. Each SPF Battalion has:
(1) A Battalion Headquarters.
(2) 3 SPF Companies of 3-5 SPF Teams.
(3) A Signal Company.
(4) A Supply and Service Platoon.
AT. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #45.
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Separate Helicopter Squadron assigned to the LOF Air Force.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. LOF doctrine assigns helicopter assets to the Air Force.
b. The LOF Separate Helicopter Squadron is composed of:
(1) 2 to 4 Medium Lift Flights of 3 Mi-8/17s each.
(2) 1 Heavy Lift Flight of 1 or 2 Mi-6 or Mi-26s.
(3) 2 Reconnaissance Flights with a total of 2 Mi-24K (Photorecon) and 2 Mi-24R (NBC Sampling).
AU. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE (ELO) #46:
ACTION: Identify the composition of the Combat Helicopter Regiment assigned to the HOF Air Force.
CONDITION: Without notes or references.
STANDARD: IAW FM 100-63.
a. HOF doctrine assigns the Combat Helicopter Regiment to the Air Force.
b. The HOF Combat Helicopter Regiment is composed of:
(1) 1 Medium Lift Squadron of 15-20 Mi-8/17s each.
(2) 2 Attack Helicopter Squadrons with 15-20 Mi-24s each.
(3) 1 Flight Services Squadron.
(4) 1 Maintenance Support Squadron.