VERY SHALLOW WATER
Bottom or moored in surf zone.
Irregular shape facilitates burial.
Firing mechanism is contact, tilt rod, switch horn, chemical horn, etc.
Usually requires considerable force to actuate (several ft/lbs or kg).
Notes:
May be combination influence/contact mines. Pose perhaps the most difficult MIW challenge -- clearing the Craft Landing Zone of mines. Goal of COMINEWARCOM is to develop a means of clearing this area IN STRIDE, rather than having Marines ashore clear zone from beach seaward using bulldozers and explosives..
PMS 407 initiatives include MCAC, airborne clearance initiatives, MMS, RMOP, etc., however shallowness of water poses greatest difficulty.
Fuel-air explosives are effective, however destroy the CLZ such that it is no longer suitable for craft landing.